Cargo Theft Could Surge As Much As 22% This Year

Cargo Theft Expected to Rise 22% in 2025 Amid Digital Supply Chain Risks

Cyber Tools Like VoIP, GPS Jammers, and Synthetic IDs Fueling Cargo Theft

As more supply chains go digital, cargo theft is becoming more common and more advanced. The National Insurance Crime Bureau (NICB) says that criminals are taking advantage of weak spots in digital systems. These weaknesses are making it easier to steal freight in the U.S.

According to NICB and data from CargoNet, cargo theft rose to record levels in 2023. Losses are expected to climb another 22% by the end of 2025. The total value of stolen cargo topped $1 billion last year. On average, each theft cost over $202,000.

Digital Tools Used in Theft Schemes

NICB says many cargo theft schemes now rely on common digital tools. Criminals are using technologies like GPS jammers, fake email addresses, and VoIP phone numbers. These tools help them trick brokers, shippers, and carriers into handing over valuable loads.

Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP) systems let thieves create fake phone numbers that appear local and real. This allows them to pose as legitimate trucking companies. Some also use synthetic identities, which mix real and fake personal data to create false carrier profiles.

“From the comfort of their own home or overseas, a criminal can use voice over internet protocol (VoIP), GPS and a synthetic ID to reroute electronics, medicine, clothing, food and beverages meant for your local store to their doorstep in another country,” said Robert Bornstein, NICB’s Cargo Theft Program Director. “The cost of these stolen goods is then passed along to the consumer.”

Common Methods of Cargo Theft

Cargo theft is happening in several different ways across the supply chain:

• Railway: Organized groups are stealing goods directly from trains and rail yards. These crimes often happen in rural areas where security is limited.
• Ransom-Based: Criminals pose as real motor carriers to gain control of a load. They move the cargo to a secret location and demand payment for its return. Many times, the shipment is never recovered.
• Partial Theft (“Shortening Loads”): In these cases, thieves take only a portion of the cargo. The rest of the load remains untouched, which delays detection.
• Strategic Theft: Criminals use fake documents and identities to trick shippers, brokers, or carriers. In some cases, all three parts of the supply chain are fooled. Legitimate companies may unknowingly help move stolen cargo.

Tech Tools Behind Today’s Cargo Theft

NICB has identified several digital tools that are making cargo theft easier:

• GPS Jammers: These devices block signals from tracking systems. This helps thieves move cargo without being tracked. NICB has confirmed that many stolen loads were equipped with GPS units that were disabled or removed.
• VoIP Phone Services: Apps like TextNow allow users to create anonymous phone numbers with any area code. Thieves use these to spoof carriers and avoid detection.
• Synthetic IDs: These identities are built from a mix of stolen personal data, such as Social Security numbers, birthdates, and emails.
• Phishing Attacks: Fake emails are used to steal passwords or infect company systems with malware.

How to Prevent Cargo Theft

NICB says that stopping cargo theft starts with awareness and prevention. The organization offers the following advice:

• Run Background Checks: Screen every employee with access to shipment details.
• Train Staff: Make sure employees and drivers know how to spot cargo theft attempts and what to do if one occurs.
• Vet Your Partners: Only work with brokers and carriers who follow strong security practices. Do not allow double brokering. Shipment changes should only be made by the original shipper.
• Double-Check Contacts: Be cautious when dealing with unfamiliar phone numbers or email addresses. VoIP numbers should be verified carefully.
• Secure In-Transit Cargo: Avoid stopping in the first 200 miles after pickup. Use secure parking areas and avoid locations known for high cargo theft activity.
• Use Surveillance and Visibility: Idle trucks are common targets. Security teams should monitor activity and keep full visibility on shipping areas.
• Invest in Security Tools: Install tracking systems, motion sensors, cameras, alarms, and advanced seals to protect freight.
• Do Regular Audits: Review and update security plans often. Stay informed about new digital risks in the supply chain.

Ongoing Monitoring

NICB continues to track cargo theft threats across the country. It works with law enforcement, CargoNet, the FBI, and others to study trends and share information with the trucking industry.

Anyone who suspects cargo theft is encouraged to contact local law enforcement, their insurance carrier, and NICB’s hotline at 1-800-TEL-NICB.